Job description Vs Job Specification – Know the Key Differences

Most people including job seekers get confused by the difference between Job Description and Job Specification. Additionally, It’s common to mistake the two for the same thing with different names. However, they are not. In this blog, we will discuss and understand the difference between the two.

I highly recommend this blog to anyone, especially those seeking a job or interested in posting a job. Don’t miss out on the important information!

What is a Job Description?

A job description is a document that outlines the primary duties and responsibilities of the job role for which candidates are applying. It also provides a brief overview of the company.

A job description is essential because it helps candidates understand the job role’s requirements and the ideal candidate for the position. It provides information about the job’s responsibilities, company culture, and required qualifications. This saves time and effort for both the company and the candidate, allowing them to quickly identify the right job to apply for.

Key Components of Job Description 

• Job Title – This indicates the position applicants are applying for within the company.
• Job Summary – This is a brief overview of the role that highlights the essential contribution and aspects of the position to the company. 
• Responsibilities – Details the tasks and duties expected to be performed regularly in the role being applied for.
• Qualifications – Specifies the required skills, experience, and education. This section may also include any necessary certifications or licenses for the position.
• Benefits – While not included in all job descriptions, some mention the benefits offered to employees in the role being applied for. These may include health insurance, paid time off, flexible work schedules, and more.

Now that we understand the definition, importance, and key components of a job description, let’s delve into understanding Job Specification, its purpose, and key elements.

What is a Job Specification?

Job Specification, also known as a person specification, delves into the ideal candidate for the role. Consequently, this helps candidates determine whether they align with the job’s required qualities, experience, and characteristics.

Job specification is a crucial document in the hiring process for both the company and the candidate. It enables the company to efficiently identify suitable candidates by outlining the necessary qualities and qualifications for the role. Simultaneously, it allows potential candidates to assess their suitability for the position, thereby avoiding unnecessary time investment for both parties. It establishes clear expectations, guiding the company in selecting the right candidate and helping candidates understand the role and the type of employee the company seeks.

Key Components of Job Specification

1. Required Education and Experience 

This section outlines the preferred level of education and experience necessary for the position. It may specify degrees, certifications, or years of relevant experience in the field.

2. Technical and Soft Skills

Technical skills refer to proficiency in specific tools or technologies essential for job performance, such as machinery or software programs. Soft skills encompass behavioral and interpersonal abilities that contribute to productivity and success, including communication, critical thinking, and time management.

3. Personality Traits

This section assesses whether candidates align with the company’s culture and role requirements. It may include traits like a strong work ethic, adaptability, positivity, and other relevant personality characteristics.

This is what job specifications usually contain. Job specifications typically include these components, but they can vary based on the specific role being applied for.

Key Differences Between Job Description and Job Specification

In this section, we will discuss the difference between Job Description and Job Specification.

These differences between job description and job specification benefit both companies and candidates. Companies can identify the right fit for the role, streamline recruitment processes, and clearly define candidate expectations. For candidates, it provides a clear understanding of the role’s responsibilities, duties, and required qualifications. Both parties stand to gain advantages and derive significant benefits from having clear Job Descriptions and Job Specifications.

Conclusion

In summary, a job description outlines the duties, responsibilities, and company overview, while a Job Specification (or person specification) details the ideal candidate’s required qualities, skills, and characteristics for the role. Together, these documents enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the recruitment process, saving time, effort, and resources for both employers and candidates.

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